Modern EV battery packs controllers are no longer just voltage / current measurement systems. A new feature being integrated into advanced BMS is in-situ EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) of each cell. This allows the BMS to probe the internal impedance spectrum of every cell (resistive + reactive components), giving richer insight into each cell’s health, temperature, aging, and allowing more precise range or safety estimation.

 However, validating this EIS function is technically challenging if you rely solely on real battery packs. That’s where simulation equipment becomes essential. With it, you can flexibly emulate the EIS responses per cell, test edge cases, and validate the BMS algorithms under ideal conditions.